WHAT CAN THE HEIGHT PROVIDE?
Tianfu Ecological City, Chengdu, China. © Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill architecture.
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The emergence of tall buildings was in response to urbanization and people’s demand of space within cities. Supertall building was once the icon of the city and its prosperity. However, nowadays, going green and making effort on energy efficiency become another significant venture for skyscrapers.The supertall body exposing to the wind, air and the sun up in the sky creates not just challenges but also opportunities for it to coexist with the nature in harmony. Wind Power Wind pressure has became one of the design drivers for a lot skyscrapers. Minimize the wind load by tapering the building; collect the wind power by venting it through the buildings. The Pearl River Tower in Guangzhou, China is a great example of using internal wind turbines to generate energy for its own electricity. Air Flow Warm air rises and cold air sinks. Stack effect design is using this to ventilate and allow the warm air to rise and escape from the top, while cooler and cleaner air flow in to replace it. Therefore, airflow is created by the vertical pressure to improve the indoor air quality. Solar Energy Besides, day-lighting, the Sun is providing tremendous energy to the Earth. With a massive facade exploding to the Sun, skyscrapers would be able to capture the solar energy, converting it to provide some of the buildings energy consumption. The CIS Tower in Manchester England installs over 7,000 panels on the facade, together with 24 wind turbines on the roof, can produce 10% of its energy needs all on its own. Open Land By extending upwards within the limited building footage, instead of sprawling, skyscrapers will be able to increase the land population capacity for increasing needs of urbanization. To apply the theory to a city scale, more open land will consequently be saved for farmland or greenbelts. Recently, a three-dimensional Eco-City called ‘the Great City’ has been studied and proposed by Vantone Investment Group and AS+GG in Chengdu China with the similar urban concept, hosting about 80,000 people within 1.3 sq km (4,300 sq ft). With the nowadays integrated design, skyscrapers would be able to increase energy efficiency, provide better indoor environment quality and generate on-site energy for its own use. It can provide a great opportunity for the sustainability venture that the low-density architecture can rarely achieve. Certainly, there are challenges and concerns about the supertall structure and its safety. What do you think? How do you feel like living in it? We would like to hear your thoughts and discuss about this in our next blog. |
随着城市化进程的推进以及人们对城市空间需求的增加，高层建筑应运而生。超高楼层建筑曾经被看做城市地标。时至今日，环境的影响和能源利用率成为摩天大楼的另一个重要追求与探索领域。
风，气流，阳光等自然因素对超高层建筑的影响是挑战，也是机遇。如果能将这些自然因素 - 同时也是能源利用起来，对于人与自然的共生和谐是很有益处的。 风能 风压是摩天楼设计中的关键因素之一。向上递减的锥形建筑体形设计可以减少风对建筑的作用力。而在建筑体内设置风能发电机组还可以对风能进行能源收集并加以利用。坐落于中国广州的珠江塔就是风能利用的典范。它使用一个内置涡轮以将风能转化为电能供楼塔本身利用。 气流 热气流上升而冷气流下沉，这是个简单的物理现象。烟囱效应就是运用此原理，让热气流上升至顶部流走，由此产生室内外气压差引入洁净的冷气补给室内新鲜空气。这样一来，气流便在垂直压力的作用下在建筑体内流动起来，以此来提高室内空气质量。 太阳能 太阳无时无刻不在给地球提供源源不断的能量。由于摩天楼与太阳光的接触面很大，这提供给我们很大的机会去收集太阳能并加以利用，转化为建筑本身的能量来源。英国曼彻斯特的CIS塔楼表面安置有超过7000个太阳能收集板，并配合24个风力涡轮，所提供的能量占整个建筑所需的10%。 开放土地 由于摩天楼的垂直属性，所占空间为垂直的而非地面的，建设高楼将大大提高有限土地的人口承载力以满足城市化需求。释放出来的土地将得以归还给耕地和自然绿地。近来，中国万通投资集团及AS+GG建筑公司合作在成都推进一项名为“立体城市”的高密度生态城市项目。这座生态城如建成，将占地1.3平方公里(4300平方尺)，可容纳人口数将达到8万。 如今，建筑设计愈加重视综合设计，从节能设计与实际效果的统一中寻求最佳设计方案。因此，摩天楼将能提高能源利用率，提供更好的室内环境以及做到现地收集可再生能源用以自给。它将为可持续发展提供更多可能性。而这却是低密度的传统建筑无法做到的。 当然，超高层建筑所面临的挑战与怀疑也是不容置疑的。人们最大的不确定之一便是超高层建筑的安全性能。那么你对此是有何考虑？对于在超高层建筑中生活，你的意见如何？我们希望能听到你的声音并在今后的话题中进行讨论。 |
This article was archived on December 18, 2015.